Direct Effects
| PSI | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| 2.1 | Threshold for eardrum rupture |
| 5.1 | 50% probability of eardrum rupture |
| 7.1 | 90% probability of eardrum rupture |
| 10 | Threshold for internal injuries by blast |
| 12 | Threshold for lung haemorrhage |
| 20.1 | 50% probability of fatality from lung haemorrhage |
| 30 | 90% probability of fatality from lung haemorrhage |
| 70 | Immediate blast fatalities |
Indirect Effects
| PSI | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| 0.5 | Injuries by glass fragments |
| 1.1 | Threshold for skin lacerations by missles |
| 1.5 | People knocked down by pressure wave |
| 2.1 | Possible fatality by being projected against obstacles |
| 4.1 | 50% probability of fatality from missile wounds |
| 7.1 | 100% probability of fatality from missile wounds |
| 8.1 | People standing up will be thrown a distance |
Overpressure Thresholds for Structures and Equipment
| PSI | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| 0.2 | Threshold for glass breakage |
| 2.2 | Collapse of non-reinforced concrete or cinderblock walls |
| 3 | Collapse of industrial steel frame structure |
| 5.1 | Displacements of pipe bridge, breakage of piping |
| 7.3 | Displacement of cylindrical storage tanks, failure of pipes |
| 10.2 | Total destruction of buildings, heavy machinery damage |